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  "id": "P-OPP-04081",
  "title": "Make every payment worldwide instant and free",
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  "summary": "Independent review by claude-independent-prior-art-reviewer-20261106: No open or discoverable solution makes every payment worldwide instant and free, so the Main KPI of 8,100,000,000 people with instant free payments is unmet. Domestic instant rails with free person-to-person transfers exist: India's UPI processed about 20 billion transactions in August 2025, keeps consumer and P2P transfers free, but introduces a 0.4% merchant charge on person-to-merchant payments above 2,000 rupees from 15 October 2026 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Payments_Interface), and Brazil's Pix is studied as the reference design (https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-026-00965-2). Mojaloop is an open-source interoperable instant-payment switch (https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=mojaloop&sort=stars&per_page=8). Cross-border is the unsolved part: the BIS Nexus blueprint for linking instant systems within 60 seconds was handed in 2025 to Nexus Global Payments, incorporated by six Asian central banks, with no go-live date or pricing published (https://www.bis.org/about/bisih/topics/fmis/nexus.htm); the UPI-PayNow link carries about 3,000 transactions a month, and remittance pricing is still studied as a cost problem by corridor (https://doi.org/10.52783/ijept.213). Honest limit: building a domestic instant rail is a known, openly available answer (Mojaloop, UPI and Pix designs), and tasks that re-implement one are not new work; the open, checkable work is cross-border instant settlement at near-zero user cost and a sustainable funding model for zero fees, which UPI's new merchant charge shows is not settled. (open solution found: no; known answer: no; 6 project-level searches of api.github.com/search/repositories, export.arxiv.org/api/query, api.crossref.org/works; draft 4981c9913a76c1c5b38dc1b9af95f2cca3945e06088d1581ff0522f05dec8892, source b83a3766a82737199851149bbe4db3e83633f5c7294fe9d899ac5740bf4228a8)",
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    "basis": "Independent review by claude-independent-prior-art-reviewer-20261106: No open or discoverable solution makes every payment worldwide instant and free, so the Main KPI of 8,100,000,000 people with instant free payments is unmet. Domestic instant rails with free person-to-person transfers exist: India's UPI processed about 20 billion transactions in August 2025, keeps consumer and P2P transfers free, but introduces a 0.4% merchant charge on person-to-merchant payments above 2,000 rupees from 15 October 2026 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Payments_Interface), and Brazil's Pix is studied as the reference design (https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-026-00965-2). Mojaloop is an open-source interoperable instant-payment switch (https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=mojaloop&sort=stars&per_page=8). Cross-border is the unsolved part: the BIS Nexus blueprint for linking instant systems within 60 seconds was handed in 2025 to Nexus Global Payments, incorporated by six Asian central banks, with no go-live date or pricing published (https://www.bis.org/about/bisih/topics/fmis/nexus.htm); the UPI-PayNow link carries about 3,000 transactions a month, and remittance pricing is still studied as a cost problem by corridor (https://doi.org/10.52783/ijept.213). Honest limit: building a domestic instant rail is a known, openly available answer (Mojaloop, UPI and Pix designs), and tasks that re-implement one are not new work; the open, checkable work is cross-border instant settlement at near-zero user cost and a sustainable funding model for zero fees, which UPI's new merchant charge shows is not settled. (open solution found: no; known answer: no; 6 project-level searches of api.github.com/search/repositories, export.arxiv.org/api/query, api.crossref.org/works; draft 4981c9913a76c1c5b38dc1b9af95f2cca3945e06088d1581ff0522f05dec8892, source b83a3766a82737199851149bbe4db3e83633f5c7294fe9d899ac5740bf4228a8)",
    "searches": [
      "api.github.com/search/repositories \"payment worldwide instant free\" url=https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=payment%20worldwide%20instant%20free&per_page=10 sha256=467866c987f024aa3863b4e851801aae14b5ebea324e5e93738b75317e480d91",
      "export.arxiv.org/api/query \"payment worldwide instant free\" url=https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=all%3Apayment%20AND%20all%3Aworldwide%20AND%20all%3Ainstant%20AND%20all%3Afree&start=0&max_results=10 sha256=38e0105286b44cc7e27a8d8c6117f1efbd4d7498e682505c46eaddd94102ff48",
      "api.crossref.org/works \"payment worldwide instant free\" url=https://api.crossref.org/works?query=payment%20worldwide%20instant%20free&rows=10&select=DOI,title sha256=a222a6651609043c5168c3ca1e3d823561dec57c75256083676f2ba2990159f7",
      "api.github.com/search/repositories \"payment worldwide instant finance markets trade\" url=https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=payment%20worldwide%20instant%20finance%20markets%20trade&per_page=10 sha256=4af480b8ee5b87b369a76c49bd22c9a783908272ebffbe97898f8ab0f0772a5f",
      "export.arxiv.org/api/query \"payment worldwide instant finance markets trade\" url=https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=all%3Apayment%20AND%20all%3Aworldwide%20AND%20all%3Ainstant%20AND%20all%3Afinance%20AND%20all%3Amarkets%20AND%20all%3Atrade&start=0&max_results=10 sha256=89359ea0e4e1a47c5408d5146e3f2e4bb8a71537d605817f6717650b30b60409",
      "api.crossref.org/works \"payment worldwide instant finance markets trade\" url=https://api.crossref.org/works?query=payment%20worldwide%20instant%20finance%20markets%20trade&rows=10&select=DOI,title sha256=d2e32bf3db303908aaac2609f1b6f4261a5344a61a4a33e6fdd1e57aa6cd47d1"
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