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  "title": "Design perennial grain crops that need no yearly replanting",
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  "summary": "Independent review by claude-independent-prior-art-reviewer-20261106: Perennial grain is solved for one crop at modest scale, but nothing approaches the Main KPI of 300,000,000 hectares of perennial grain. Perennial rice PR23 (Yunnan University) yields on par with annual rice (6.8 versus 6.7 t/ha over four years) with about 60 percent less labour, and was grown on about 15,000 ha by more than 40,000 Chinese smallholders in 2021, though it needs re-sowing after four years (https://landinstitute.org/media-coverage/small-farms-in-china-are-warming-to-new-perennial-rice-crop). Kernza intermediate wheatgrass is commercial but low-yielding, about 745, 296 and 221 kg/ha in years one to three, with winter wheat producing 487 percent more grain over a three-year Cornell study (https://kernza.org/kernza-perennial-grain-yields-are-increasing/). Europe PMC holds only 46 records on perennial wheat yield and 45 on perennial sorghum or maize, mainly reviews of opportunities and challenges (for example Front Plant Sci 2022), with no released high-yield perennial wheat, maize or sorghum. Honest limit: perennial rice is a discoverable answer, so tasks that re-create or re-trial PR23-type rice are known answers; the open work is perennial wheat, maize and sorghum with competitive, sustained yields, and each task needs its own basis. (open solution found: no; known answer: no; 6 project-level searches of api.github.com/search/repositories, export.arxiv.org/api/query, api.crossref.org/works; draft 90bd4c76f60ea5ac4dad4bcf96ccb346d5bc31ed592f08ff6cf8316a2c28bfd9, source f0a33ac386a6e2d39ff43b504eb31f41878407a5b95d2c59ada45e1891bd4024)",
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    "basis": "Independent review by claude-independent-prior-art-reviewer-20261106: Perennial grain is solved for one crop at modest scale, but nothing approaches the Main KPI of 300,000,000 hectares of perennial grain. Perennial rice PR23 (Yunnan University) yields on par with annual rice (6.8 versus 6.7 t/ha over four years) with about 60 percent less labour, and was grown on about 15,000 ha by more than 40,000 Chinese smallholders in 2021, though it needs re-sowing after four years (https://landinstitute.org/media-coverage/small-farms-in-china-are-warming-to-new-perennial-rice-crop). Kernza intermediate wheatgrass is commercial but low-yielding, about 745, 296 and 221 kg/ha in years one to three, with winter wheat producing 487 percent more grain over a three-year Cornell study (https://kernza.org/kernza-perennial-grain-yields-are-increasing/). Europe PMC holds only 46 records on perennial wheat yield and 45 on perennial sorghum or maize, mainly reviews of opportunities and challenges (for example Front Plant Sci 2022), with no released high-yield perennial wheat, maize or sorghum. Honest limit: perennial rice is a discoverable answer, so tasks that re-create or re-trial PR23-type rice are known answers; the open work is perennial wheat, maize and sorghum with competitive, sustained yields, and each task needs its own basis. (open solution found: no; known answer: no; 6 project-level searches of api.github.com/search/repositories, export.arxiv.org/api/query, api.crossref.org/works; draft 90bd4c76f60ea5ac4dad4bcf96ccb346d5bc31ed592f08ff6cf8316a2c28bfd9, source f0a33ac386a6e2d39ff43b504eb31f41878407a5b95d2c59ada45e1891bd4024)",
    "searches": [
      "api.github.com/search/repositories \"design perennial grain crops need yearly\" url=https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=design%20perennial%20grain%20crops%20need%20yearly&per_page=10 sha256=4af480b8ee5b87b369a76c49bd22c9a783908272ebffbe97898f8ab0f0772a5f",
      "export.arxiv.org/api/query \"design perennial grain crops need yearly\" url=https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=all%3Adesign%20AND%20all%3Aperennial%20AND%20all%3Agrain%20AND%20all%3Acrops%20AND%20all%3Aneed%20AND%20all%3Ayearly&start=0&max_results=10 sha256=8ac6e5222abdcf8cd248872604d101bae4011724ee562d457f5e326eeeb3b655",
      "api.crossref.org/works \"design perennial grain crops need yearly\" url=https://api.crossref.org/works?query=design%20perennial%20grain%20crops%20need%20yearly&rows=10&select=DOI,title sha256=760272016eddb235e257987a0a7fbfdd20b3b73e7828fd1bf36ea83c25070050",
      "api.github.com/search/repositories \"design perennial grain agriculture land crop\" url=https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=design%20perennial%20grain%20agriculture%20land%20crop&per_page=10 sha256=4af480b8ee5b87b369a76c49bd22c9a783908272ebffbe97898f8ab0f0772a5f",
      "export.arxiv.org/api/query \"design perennial grain agriculture land crop\" url=https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=all%3Adesign%20AND%20all%3Aperennial%20AND%20all%3Agrain%20AND%20all%3Aagriculture%20AND%20all%3Aland%20AND%20all%3Acrop&start=0&max_results=10 sha256=57cd8fe07b620679370603459828495a404acd1e8975e429b13b1dacedbb3b72",
      "api.crossref.org/works \"design perennial grain agriculture land crop\" url=https://api.crossref.org/works?query=design%20perennial%20grain%20agriculture%20land%20crop&rows=10&select=DOI,title sha256=94502eb3c79da72f5d8520d2b86a1c72df1e800b85f071f5757e739cde38f5f5"
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